Wireless Sensor Network Deployment Coverage

Wireless sensor network (WSN) design and optimization is the central theme, addressing challenges in sensor deployment, coverage, connectivity, energy efficiency, and routing protocols. Methods span Voronoi-based spatial optimization, fuzzy Petri nets for clustering and fault diagnosis, Time Petri Net protocol modeling, and RPL-based routing for IoT and low-power lossy networks. A recurring focus is balancing network lifetime and reliability across heterogeneous indoor and outdoor environments.