Description

k-Nearest Neighbors is a non-parametric classifier / regressor that predicts using the labels of the k closest training points under a chosen distance metric. It is the canonical query engine for csi-fingerprinting and the simplest possible CSI-based localiser: at inference time, look up the most similar fingerprint in the radio map.

When it's used

  • Fingerprinting-based indoor positioning
  • Quick-and-dirty CSI classification baselines
  • Distance-based open-set rejection prototypes

Limitations

  • Inference cost scales with database size
  • Sensitive to distance metric choice on high-D CSI vectors
  • Storage cost grows with site coverage

Source Papers

  • esrafiliannajafabadi2022_1342 — kNN in CSI baseline comparison
  • hou2023_bf83 — kNN as few-shot baseline
  • chaudhari2024_6efc — kNN occupancy classifier
  • ren2023_8cfe — kNN in radar sensing

30 vault papers use this method

Titles and DOIs only — no abstracts, no analyses.

  • WiFi Sensing with Channel State Information 2020 DOI ↗
  • Device-free occupancy detection and crowd counting in smart buildings with WiFi-enabled IoT 2018 DOI ↗
  • A Survey on Human Behavior Recognition Using Channel State Information 2019 DOI ↗
  • Cross-Domain WiFi Sensing with Channel State Information: A Survey 2023 DOI ↗
  • DASECount: Domain-Agnostic Sample-Efficient Wireless Indoor Crowd Counting via Few-Shot Learning 2023 DOI ↗
  • Keystroke Recognition Using WiFi Signals 2015 DOI ↗
  • SenseFi: A library and benchmark on deep-learning-empowered WiFi human sensing 2023 DOI ↗
  • Toward Accurate Crowd Counting in Large Surveillance Areas Based on Passive WiFi Sensing 2023 DOI ↗
  • Toward Accurate Crowd Counting in Large Surveillance Areas Based on Passive WiFi Sensing 2023 DOI ↗
  • NeRF2: Neural Radio-Frequency Radiance Fields 2023 DOI ↗
  • NeRF2: Neural Radio-Frequency Radiance Fields 2023 DOI ↗
  • Grouped People Counting Using mm-Wave FMCW MIMO Radar 2023 DOI ↗
  • Fundamentals, Algorithms, and Technologies of Occupancy Detection for Smart Buildings Using IoT Sensors 2024 DOI ↗
  • Human Sensing by Using Radio Frequency Signals: A Survey on Occupancy and Activity Detection 2023 DOI ↗
  • Physics-Informed Deep Learning for Traffic State Estimation: A Survey and the Outlook 2023 DOI ↗
  • A Non Intrusive Human Presence Detection Methodology Based on Channel State Information of Wi-Fi Networks 2023 DOI ↗
  • Building occupancy estimation and detection: A review 2018 DOI ↗
  • Heterogeneous Dual-Attentional Network for WiFi and Video-Fused Multi-Modal Crowd Counting 2024 DOI ↗
  • CrossSense: Towards Cross-Site and Large-Scale WiFi Sensing 2018 DOI ↗
  • WiFi-Based Human Sensing With Deep Learning: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities 2024 DOI ↗
  • A Physics-Informed Deep Learning Paradigm for Traffic State and Fundamental Diagram Estimation 2022 DOI ↗
  • A Survey on Fusion-Based Indoor Positioning 2020 DOI ↗
  • A low-cost BLE-based distance estimation, occupancy detection and counting system 2021 DOI ↗
  • Human Activity Recognition via Wi-Fi and Inertial Sensors With Machine Learning 2024 DOI ↗
  • A Survey on Green Wireless Sensing: Energy-Efficient Sensing via WiFi CSI and Lightweight Learning 2026 DOI ↗
  • CSI-Based NTC Using Ambient WiFi: Channel Selection, Topology Control and Traffic Interference 2026 DOI ↗
  • SANDWICH: Towards an Offline, Differentiable, Fully-Trainable Wireless Neural Ray-Tracing Surrogate 2025 DOI ↗
  • SANDWICH: Towards an Offline, Differentiable, Fully-Trainable Wireless Neural Ray-Tracing Surrogate 2025 DOI ↗
  • Guiding Wi-Fi Sensor Placement for Enhanced CSI-Based Sensing in Stationary Crowd Counting 2025 DOI ↗
  • Occupancy Prediction in IoT-Enabled Smart Buildings: Technologies, Methods, and Future Directions 2024 DOI ↗