Description

mmWave radar refers to FMCW or pulsed radar sensors operating in the 24, 60, 77, or 79 GHz bands. They serve as the comparison baseline to Wi-Fi CSI in indoor sensing literature: range resolution is intrinsically better (centimetres vs metres for CSI) thanks to gigahertz of bandwidth, but they are dedicated hardware (not infrastructure-piggybacked) so cost / deployment friction is much higher. Texas Instruments IWR1443 / IWR6843 and Infineon BGT60TR13C are the two reference platforms most cited papers use. For the thesis they appear as the "ground-truth radar" against which CSI accuracy is benchmarked, and as motivation for sticking with commodity Wi-Fi (deployment cost).

Specs / capabilities

  • 24 / 60 / 77 / 79 GHz bands
  • Up to 4 GHz of FMCW chirp bandwidth → cm-scale range resolution
  • Built-in MIMO antenna arrays (typically 3 Tx × 4 Rx) for AoA estimation
  • Range, velocity, angle (3D point cloud) per frame
  • Detection range 1-10 m (TI IWR family); up to 100 m for automotive

Tooling

  • TI mmWave SDK: https://www.ti.com/tool/MMWAVE-SDK
  • mmWave Studio (Windows GUI for raw ADC capture)
  • Open-source: OpenRadar, pymmw, radar-tinyml
  • Vayyar Walabot for prototyping

Used by (papers)

  • mmWave + CSI fusion papers
  • mmWave-only baselines for indoor activity / vital-sign / gesture recognition

14 vault papers run on this hardwar

Titles and DOIs only — no abstracts, no analyses.

  • Understanding and Modeling of WiFi Signal Based Human Activity Recognition 2015 DOI ↗
  • Towards Environment Independent Device Free Human Activity Recognition 2018 DOI ↗
  • Fast and Robust Stationary Crowd Counting With Commodity WiFi 2026 DOI ↗
  • Grouped People Counting Using mm-Wave FMCW MIMO Radar 2023 DOI ↗
  • A Survey on Wi-Fi Sensing Generalizability: Taxonomy, Techniques, Datasets, and Future Research Prospects 2026 DOI ↗
  • Crowd Counting Measurements in a Festival Area Using a mmWave FMCW Radar 2024 DOI ↗
  • MMCOUNT: Stationary Crowd Counting System Based on Commodity Millimeter-Wave Radar 2024 DOI ↗
  • Addressing Privacy Concerns in Joint Communication and Sensing for 6G Networks: Challenges and Prospects 2024 DOI ↗
  • WiFi-Based Human Sensing With Deep Learning: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities 2024 DOI ↗
  • A Survey on Green Wireless Sensing: Energy-Efficient Sensing via WiFi CSI and Lightweight Learning 2026 DOI ↗
  • A survey on CSI-based Wi-Fi sensing datasets and models with a focus on reproducibility 2026 DOI ↗
  • Dynamic Indoor mmWave MIMO Radar Simulation: An Image Rendering-Based Approach 2025 DOI ↗
  • Device-Free Wireless Sensing for Gesture Recognition Based on Complementary CSI Amplitude and Phase 2024 DOI ↗
  • Recent Advances in mmWave-Radar-Based Sensing, Its Applications, and Machine Learning Techniques: A Review 2023 DOI ↗