WSN Routing Protocol Verification

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are the central focus, addressing challenges in energy-efficient routing, trust management, and network performance evaluation. Heterogeneous and hybrid routing protocols are designed to optimize energy consumption and security, while formal modeling approaches using Petri nets and SysML transformations are applied to analyze and verify network behavior. A recurring theme is the integration of trust mechanisms—including fuzzy logic and cloud-based models—with protocol design to improve reliability and security in distributed wireless environments.