Description

Subcarrier features are statistical or spectral descriptors computed independently per OFDM subcarrier from a CSI window — most commonly mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, entropy, and dominant Doppler bin. Treating each subcarrier as its own channel exposes frequency-selective fading patterns that a single scalar like RSSI averages out, and gives ML pipelines a fixed-shape feature tensor (subcarriers × time) that maps cleanly to CNNs and transformers.

When it's used

  • Hand-crafted feature pipelines feeding random-forest / SVM / kNN classifiers
  • CNN input planes for HAR and crowd counting
  • Sensitivity analyses that pick the most discriminative subcarriers

Limitations

  • High-dimensional and correlated; usually needs PCA or subcarrier selection
  • Vulnerable to per-subcarrier hardware artefacts on Intel 5300
  • Loses cross-subcarrier phase coherence that frequency-domain models exploit

Source Papers

  • hou2023_bf83 — subcarrier-statistical features in few-shot WiFi sensing
  • chaudhari2024_6efc — subcarrier features for occupancy classifiers
  • mondal2023_7f7a — classroom occupancy via subcarrier statistics
  • esrafiliannajafabadi2022_1342 — comparative subcarrier-feature benchmark