Crowd dynamics refers to the study of how groups of people move, interact, and self-organize in space and time, encompassing both the physical mechanics of individual and collective motion and the emergent large-scale behaviors that arise from local interactions. It matters for WiFi/CSI sensing research because passive, infrastructure-free crowd monitoring using channel state information enables real-world validation and enhancement of crowd models without requiring wearable devices or camera-based systems. Key variants include microscopic approaches, which model individual pedestrian behavior through frameworks such as social force models and cellular automata, and macroscopic approaches, which treat crowds as continuous density fields governed by fluid-like equations, with hybrid methods bridging both scales to capture phenomena such as lane formation, bottleneck congestion, and emergency evacuation flow.
Source Papers
- A crowd team evacuation model considering spring effect ↗ — A crowd team evacuation model considering spring effect
- A roadmap for the future of crowd safety research and practice: Introducing the Swiss Cheese Model of Crowd Safety and the imperative of a Vision Zero target ↗ — A roadmap for the future of crowd safety research and practi
- Continuum theory for pedestrian traffic flow: Local route choice modelling and its implications ↗ — Continuum theory for pedestrian traffic flow: Local route ch
- Data collection methods for studying pedestrian behaviour: A systematic review ↗ — Data collection methods for studying pedestrian behaviour: A
- Data-driven Crowd Modeling Techniques: A Survey ↗ — Data-driven Crowd Modeling Techniques: A Survey
- Microscopic insights into pedestrian motion through a bottleneck, resolving spatial and temporal variations ↗ — Microscopic insights into pedestrian motion through a bottle
- Modelling physical contacts to evaluate the individual risk in a dense crowd ↗ — Modelling physical contacts to evaluate the individual risk
- Physics of Human Crowds ↗ — Physics of Human Crowds
- Social force models for pedestrian traffic – state of the art ↗ — Social force models for pedestrian traffic – state of the ar
- State-of-the-art crowd motion simulation models ↗ — State-of-the-art crowd motion simulation models
- The Flow of Human Crowds ↗ — The Flow of Human Crowds
- The Walking Behaviour of Pedestrian Social Groups and Its Impact on Crowd Dynamics ↗ — The Walking Behaviour of Pedestrian Social Groups and Its Im