Angle of Arrival (AoA) is a signal processing method that estimates the direction from which a wireless signal impinges on a receiver antenna array by analyzing the phase differences of the received signal across multiple antennas. In CSI-based sensing, AoA is used to localize and track humans or objects in space, enabling fine-grained spatial inference such as gesture recognition, indoor positioning, and activity detection without requiring dedicated hardware beyond standard multi-antenna Wi-Fi deployments. Key variants include 2D AoA estimation, which resolves azimuth angle alone, and 3D AoA approaches that additionally resolve elevation, with algorithms such as MUSIC and ESPRIT commonly applied to improve angular resolution and robustness across diverse environments.
Source Papers
- A Survey on Human Behavior Recognition Using Channel State Information ↗ — A Survey on Human Behavior Recognition Using Channel State I
- A Survey on Wi-Fi Sensing Generalizability: Taxonomy, Techniques, Datasets, and Future Research Prospects ↗ — A Survey on Wi-Fi Sensing Generalizability: Taxonomy, Techni
- An Overview on IEEE 802.11bf: WLAN Sensing ↗ — An Overview on IEEE 802.11bf: WLAN Sensing
- Channel State Information from Pure Communication to Sense and Track Human Motion: A Survey ↗ — Channel State Information from Pure Communication to Sense a
- Deep Learning-Enhanced Human Sensing with Channel State Information: A Survey ↗ — Deep Learning-Enhanced Human Sensing with Channel State Info
- Enabling ISAC on Low-Cost Devices via Spatial-Channel Estimation With a Single-RF Chain ↗ — Enabling ISAC on Low-Cost Devices via Spatial-Channel Estima
- NeRF2: Neural Radio-Frequency Radiance Fields ↗ — NeRF2: Neural Radio-Frequency Radiance Fields
- Radio Radiance Field: The New Frontier of Spatial Wireless Channel Representation ↗ — Radio Radiance Field: The New Frontier of Spatial Wireless C
- WiSegRT: Dataset for Site-Specific Indoor Radio Propagation Modeling with 3D Segmentation and Differentiable Ray-Tracing: (Invited Paper) ↗ — WiSegRT: Dataset for Site-Specific Indoor Radio Propagation